After this day, many places in China go through the coldest period, which is called in Chinese, “Shu Jiu”. In total, there are nine periods with nine days for each. In the first and second nine days, people keep their hands in pockets; in the third and fourth nine days, people can walk on ice; in the fifth and sixth nice days, people can see willows along the river bank; in the seventh and eighth nine days, the swallow comes back and in the ninth nine days, the yak starts working.

从冬至以后，中国的绝大部分地区都会经历最寒冷的时期，中国人叫它”数九“。这一共有九个时期，每个时期分别有九天。在”一九“和”二九“，手放口袋就能避寒了；”三九“和”四九“，路上会结冰；”五九“和”六九“，可以看到河岸边柳树抽芽了；在”七九“和”八九“，燕子回归，在最后的”九九“，牛开始犁地。

We all know that the Earth makes a complete revolution around the sun once every 365 days, following an orbit that is elliptical in shape. This means that the distance between the Earth and Sun, which is 93 million miles on average, varies throughout the year. During the first week in January, the Earth is about 1.6 million miles closer to the sun. This is referred to as the perihelion. The aphelion, or the point at which the Earth is about 1.6 million miles farther away from the sun, occurs during the first week in July. This fact may sound counter to what we know about seasons in the Northern Hemisphere, but actually the difference is not significant in terms of climate and is NOT the reason why we have seasons. Seasons are caused by the fact that the Earth is tilted on its axis by 23.5°.

我们都知道地球每365天围绕太阳公转一次，沿着椭圆轨道运行。这意味着地球和太阳之间的距离（平均为9300万英里）全年都在变化。在一月的第一周，地球距离太阳大约160万英里。这被称为近日点。远日点，即地球距离太阳约160万英里的点，发生在7月的第一周。这一事实听起来可能与我们对北半球季节的了解相反，但实际上，就气候而言，这种差异并不显著，也不是我们有季节的原因。季节是由地球绕其轴线倾斜23.5°这一事实引起的。

There are two times of the year when the Earth's axis is tilted neither toward nor away from the sun, resulting in an equal amount of daylight and darkness at all latitudes. These events are referred to as equinoxes and occur near March 21st (Vernal Equinox) and near September 22nd (Autumnal Equinox). At the equator, the sun is directly overhead at noon on the two equinoxes.

一年中有两次地轴既不朝向太阳也不远离太阳倾斜，导致所有纬度的白天和黑夜都相等。这些事件被称为春分，发生在3月21日（春分）和9月22日（秋分）附近。在赤道上，太阳在两个分点的正午正上方。

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